Thứ Tư, 31 tháng 10, 2012
Volvo V40 R-Design, 2013
- Volvo V40 R-Design, 2013
Launched in stunning Rebel Blue, the new Volvo V40 R-Design is a perfect match for those who want a head-turner that radiates a truly stylish and dynamic look. The visual promise of a life in the fast lane is confirmed by the driver-centric interior and an intense, agile driving experience with performance up to 254 horsepower.
The attention-grabbing exterior has been specially developed for buyers who want to put their very own stamp on their car.
The unique R-Design front features a silk-metal framed high-gloss grille. The sporty stance is further enhanced with an ironstone diffuser, silk-metal finished details and twin exhaust tailpipes. The five-spoke diamond-cut wheels (17" or 18") complete the stylish, dynamic look.
On top of the Rebel Blue livery, the Volvo V40 R-Design buyer has a choice of six other exterior colours.
New generation R-Design interior with blue interactive dashboard
The interactive dash board in the all-new V40 has already got a lot of positive attention, both from media and customers. The possibility to switch between three layouts with different configuration and functionality - Elegance, Eco and Performance - is mirrored in the Volvo V40 R-design. But here all of the modes come in the same radiant blue colour.
The seats feature a blend of black Nubuck textile and perforated leather, crowned by an embroidered R-design logo with a blue "R". Full leather seats are available as an option.
The comfortable, in-command driver environment also includes a specially designed steering wheel, gear shifter, handbrake and sport pedals. The unique R-Design aura is enhanced by a combination of new aluminium inlays with a perforated look, black leather, matching stitching and a black headliner.
Sporty drive with a wide range of engines
R-Design can be combined with all engines available for the all-new Volvo V40, from the D2 diesel with 115 horsepower and CO2 emissions at 94 g/km (3.6 l/100 km) to the high-performance T5 petrol turbo with 254 horsepower.
Lower and firmer Sport chassis
The chassis has been developed in cooperation with Swedish racing driver Robert Dahlgren in the Volvo Polestar Black R team.
The optional Sport chassis is lowered 10 mm compared with the Dynamic chassis. Springs and shock absorbers have a firmer setting, resulting in responsive driving pleasure with full control. The front McPherson struts have 25 mm piston rods. The stiffness enables the structure to absorb lateral loads better.
At the rear the V40 has monotube dampers, featuring compression and return damping via the same valve. This gives shorter, faster fluid flow, which in turn means that the damper responds more quickly. Anti-roll bars with increased diameter also contribute to the sporty drive.
The standard Dynamic chassis' rigid body and low centre of gravity also promote an alert, quick-responding character that focuses on the driving experience, yet without compromising ride comfort.
Driver orientated appeal attracts younger buyers too
The new Volvo V40 R-Design will be available in all markets that sell the Volvo V40. Volvo Car Corporation expects that around 10 percent of all V40 buyers will choose the R-Design version.
Porsche Panamera S Hybrid, 2012
- Porsche Panamera S Hybrid, 2012
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid marks the beginning of a new chapter of Porsche Intelligent Performance, continuing the success story of the four-door Gran Turismo. Not only is the new model the most economical Porsche of all time, it also outperforms by a mile all full hybrid production cars of its class, the luxury class, in terms of consumption and CO2 emissions. And at the same time, without any restrictions, it offers the sporty, exclusive character and custom comfort so typical of this unique Porsche Gran Turismo family.
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is the first parallel full hybrid car in the luxury class with unique features. The range on electricity alone is approximately two kilometres (1.24 miles), the speed in electric mode is up to 85 km/h (53 mph) depending on the driving situation. Moreover, thanks to the so-called "sailing" mode on motorways and main roads, the Porsche hybrid is the only system in the world able to exploit additional consumption reserves in higher speed ranges. This entails disengaging and switching off the internal combustion engine at speeds of up to 165 km/h (103 mph) during phases when no power is delivered by the internal combustion engine.
The exterior of Porsche's new Gran Turismo series model corresponds extensively to the Panamera S. Distinguishing features include the "Panamera S hybrid" emblem on the rear and the "hybrid" badges on both front doors.
The equipment for the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is on a par with the very high standards of the Panamera S with the eight-cylinder engine. In addition, the hybrid model is fitted with the adaptive air suspension including the adaptive damping control system PASM, Servotronic and a rear wiper all as standard. Furthermore, the new Gran Turismo has an innovative display concept which provides all of the car's relevant information about the hybrid-specific driving conditions to the driver.
The drive concept of the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid therefore parallels that in the Cayenne S Hybrid already proving its worth there. Continued development and adapting to the potential of the Porsche Gran Turismo bestowed improved and additional functions upon the Panamera. Limit speeds for purely electric driving and sailing are higher, extended driving in electric mode is possible, and active cooling of the battery raises the hybrid system's availability.
At present, significantly lower emissions result in tax advantages for the Panamera S Hybrid in many markets. In comparison with the Panamera S, the motor vehicle tax in Germany will be lower by 204 euro annually. In France, the hybrid model will save the owner a one-time sum of 1,850 euro, in Spain 4,475 euro, and in the Netherlands 8,584 euro. In markets outside Europe, up to 2,200 US dollar can be saved in the US, Japan exempts the buyer from paying the equivalent of 4,000 euro, and in China this advantage adds up to the equivalent of about 15,000 euro.
A powerful team: 333 hp V6 compressor engine and 34 kW electric motor
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is driven by the same engine combination that has already proved itself in the Cayenne S Hybrid: The main power comes from a three-litre V6 compressor engine which delivers 333 hp (245 kW) and is supported by a 34 kW (47 hp) electric motor. Their maximum torque of up to 300 Nm is available constantly at speeds below 1,150 rpm. The electric motor can propel the Panamera S Hybrid all by itself or can support the internal combustion engine. And it can be used as a generator or as a starter.
The electric motor is hooked up to a nickel-metal hydride battery (NiMH) which is used to store electrical energy generated while braking or driving. The battery fitted under the floor of the luggage compartment has a capacity of 1.7 kWh supplying a voltage of 288 volts. It goes without saying that the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid has an auto start/stop function which automatically shuts down the internal combustion engine even when the car is not moving.
Smooth power transmission: eight-speed Tiptronic S
For the first time in a Panamera, power transmission is handled by the standard eight-speed Tiptronic S with wide ratio spread familiar from the Cayenne models. The Panamera S Hybrid is exclusively available with rear-wheel drive.
The eight-speed Tiptronic S for the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is a transmission characterised by high efficiency and fast gear changes coupled with supreme gearshift and ride comfort. Its design is such that revs are reduced by about 20 per cent in seventh and eighth gear, which decidedly contributes to lowering fuel consumption especially during long stretches on motorways. Top speed is reached in sixth gear.
The fast gear changes which the driver hardly notices guarantee highest agility and maximum driving pleasure. Thanks to intelligent gearshift programmes, the driver can use the accelerator and brake pedals to influence deliberately the gear change behaviour of the Tiptronic S. Rapid accelerator pedal action makes changing gears more dynamic - entirely without kickdown. So, if you lift your foot off the accelerator pedal quickly just before you enter a bend, upchange is suppressed. In addition, the gear engaged is blocked preventing mid-corner upchanges.
The gear change characteristics of the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid transmission have been adapted to the extended hybrid drive operating conditions. This is necessary for improved recuperation performance, for instance adjusting gear change speeds (downchanges) during brake energy recovery, or for a comfortable restart of the internal combustion energy after driving in purely electric mode. The special settings of the eight-speed Tiptronic S make available optimum gear change strategies also when drawing additional power from the electric motor under acceleration.
Powerful, compact, and lightweight parallel full hybrid
Porsche uses a parallel full hybrid instead of the power-split hybrid drive. A concept for which there are several good reasons. In contrast to other hybrid concepts displaying their advantage particularly during urban driving, the Porsche-developed system allows the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid to sail at speeds of up to 165 km/h (103 mph) without engaging the internal combustion engine or the electric motor. The parallel full hybrid also enables the acceleration and elasticity typical of a Porsche without the so-called rubber band effect of power-split hybrid systems. The concept therefore perfectly matches Porsche's philosophy of offering extraordinary performance and maximum efficiency at the same time.
One additional advantage is the comparatively small space required, because the entire hybrid module is extremely compact with a length of just 147.5 millimetres. It is mounted between the internal combustion engine and the transmission, and essentially consists of the ring-shaped synchronous motor and a decoupler at the side connecting up to the internal combustion engine. Its power distribution and characteristics therefore correspond to those of a conventional drive. The Porsche hybrid also carries relatively little extra weight. With an unladen weight of 1980 kg, the Panamera S Hybrid lies at the lower end of its class and enables a payload of up to 505 kg. Even when driving in purely electric mode, all vehicle functions are maintained which is ensured by electric pumps for power steering, brake booster, automatic transmission oil circuit, air conditioning compressor, and other components.
Driving the Hybrid 1: electric car right from the start
In principle, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is easy and uncomplicated to handle like any other Porsche Gran Turismo. Use and cooperation of electric motor and internal combustion engine are controlled automatically. Every driver can nevertheless influence the car's behaviour at: either using accelerator and brake pedals or pressing the E-Power button.
When pulling away, the system decides whether the Panamera S Hybrid drives on electricity or uses the internal combustion engine. Provided that oil, cooling water, and battery have a temperature exceeding 15 degrees Celsius, ambient temperature is more than ten degrees, and the battery's charge level is higher than 38 per cent, and if the accelerator pedal is pressed down gently, the Gran Turismo will set off using only the electric motor. This means that the driver can leave an underground car park in electric mode without engaging the internal combustion engine even though the car was parked there overnight. If heating is necessary or if windows start misting up, the system will start the internal combustion engine after about 30 seconds which will be prolonged to about two minutes after the E-Power button was activated. If there is no need for the internal combustion engine to kick in, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid can cover short distances without any emissions at speeds of up to 85 km/h (52.8 mph) under favourable driving conditions and with a moderate driving style - like in residential areas. The range in purely electric mode is about two kilometres (1.2 miles) on level ground. Going downhill - like from an Alpine pass - the Panamera S Hybrid can travel distinctly longer stretches on electricity alone because of the intensive battery charging phases while braking.
E-Power button extends range in electric mode
By activating the E-Power button in the centre console, the range which can be covered on electricity alone is extended. An LED on the button indicates activation and the message "E-Power" lights up in blue on the instrument cluster. The availability depends on parameters like charge level and temperature of the battery. In E-Power mode, the accelerator characteristic is modified so that acceleration commands are implemented significantly more moderately, and early automatic starting of the internal combustion engine is prevented when higher power is required. In comparison with the Cayenne S Hybrid, torque reserves in the Panamera for a restart are reduced from 100 Nm to 50 Nm which translates into more power for acceleration in electric mode. In practice, the driver can accelerate with gusto in electric mode without the internal combustion engine kicking in. At speeds higher than 75 km/h (46.6 mph), the E-Power mode is deactivated.
Driving the Hybrid 2: joining forces for acceleration
If the driver steps on the accelerator pedal to demand more power, the internal combustion engine fires. A kickdown for full acceleration triggers the so-called "boost mode" which makes maximum power of the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid available to the driver for a short period of time. In this case, the driving torques of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor are superimposed, i.e. they add up. This is a big advantage of the parallel full hybrid concept. While the internal combustion engine develops its maximum torque of 440 Nm at 3,000 to 5,250 rpm, the electric motor is able to implement its full torque of up to 300 Nm from a standing start. Maximum output of both drives totals 380 hp and is available at 5500 rpm, and the combined torque of 580 Nm available already at 1000 rpm guarantees brawny acceleration.
Since maximum torque of the drive units is available at different speeds, maximum values cannot simply be added up. At higher revs, the drive concept causes the torque of the electric motor to decrease. Continued constant and efficient power at high revs is provided by the internal combustion engine with the electric motor continuing to assist. Both drives therefore complement each other perfectly, enabling the driver to employ powerful, combined output development throughout the entire engine speed range. The Panamera S Hybrid therefore benefits from the two drives' intelligent interaction thanks to a particularly sporty response from a standing start and high vehicle dynamics also at higher speeds, i.e. when overtaking. Electric boosting is available immediately when using the kickdown function. With the Sport button activated, boost power is increased and both drive units cooperate to deliver maximum power when the accelerator pedal is at 80 per cent of its travel range.
Driving the Hybrid 3: efficient sailing at speeds up to 165 km/h (103 mph)
Thanks to the decoupler, a Porsche full hybrid drive can exploit further consumption potential even at higher speeds offering what is called sailing. If propulsion is not required, the internal combustion engine is automatically switched off and the decoupler disengages the engine from the drivetrain as soon as the driver eases up on the accelerator pedal at speeds up to 165 km/h (103 mph). This eliminates engine braking due to engine drag torque while sailing which reduces driving resistance and in turn fuel consumption. In practice, when driving on motorways, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid will frequently switch to sailing mode if there is a slight downhill gradient and if the car travels at an even speed, for instance when the automatic cruise control is switched on.
While sailing, the electric motor acts as a generator generating electrical energy without creating any additional loads in the drivetrain. If the car is in sailing mode and the driver presses on the accelerator to overtake, the internal combustion engine is restarted quickly and comfortably within a fraction of a second and the engine speed is increased to match the travelling speed. Even at this pace, a short burst of speed is therefore possible as spontaneously as in a Panamera fitted with a conventional engine.
Driving the Hybrid 4: saving fuel by generating electricity
The unrivalled low fuel consumption of the Panamera S Hybrid is mainly due to its ability to recover the kinetic energy of the car while braking converting it to electrical energy. The Porsche parallel full hybrid has been optimised such that when the driver presses on the brake pedal, as much energy as possible is fed back to the battery because the electric motor acts as a generator. In this case, the control system determines brake pedal travel and adjusts the electrical current of the generator accordingly thus decelerating the car electrically in dependence of the brake energy required. Only at higher speeds and when slowing down, the conventional braking system kicks in.
Alternatively, the internal combustion engine is used while the car is on the move to recharge the battery by shifting the so-called load point. Every power unit has a specific load range within which its operation is most economical. If a six-cylinder engine under part-load operates below this range, the control unit automatically open the throttle further so that the engine load increases but the engine speed will not change, and uses this additional power to generate electricity. Generator output and throttle valve opening are controlled so that the internal combustion engine operates in a higher efficiency range which will make for optimised use of the fuel consumed and part of it stored in the battery as electrical energy. The driver will not notice anything since neither engine nor travelling speeds change. Consequently, the Panamera acts as if it begins to climb uphill from a level road with the cruise control switched on.
Porsche pioneering achievement: Hybrid Manager for intelligent control
Sophisticated control and components developed to a high standard facilitate implemen tation of the features of a Porsche parallel hybrid which are exemplary among hybrid vehicles. The interaction of the main components, i.e. internal combustion engine, electric motor, decoupler, and battery, is highly complex and is coordinated by the Hybrid Manager which holds all crucial know-how of the Porsche hybrid system. It receives all driving and energy information and controls the operations of electric motor, decoupler and internal combustion engine in every driving situation for optimum fuel consumption. Moreover, it ensures that the battery charge level never falls below a specific threshold or that the battery is not charged and recharged too frequently.
Another key element of the parallel full hybrid system is the decoupler which is fitted between internal combustion engine and electric motor and for which especially long-lasting friction pads have been developed. Its operation is so smooth that driver and passenger do not notice the internal combustion engine engaging and disengaging. Nevertheless, full acceleration of both power units is available at any time with practically no delay. This means that with the internal combustion engine shut down the power unit will spring to life within the shortest time possible, reaches the required speed and engages the decoupler without the driver noticing it.
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid manages all this in about 300 milliseconds. During this time, several processes run in parallel: When the internal combustion engine revs up, the torque converter clutch in the automatic transmission opens and the torque of the electric motor is raised briefly to start the six-cylinder engine. At the same time, the clutch between electric motor and internal combustion engine engages within a time of about 70 milliseconds following a defined pressure curve. Besides the elaborate interaction of internal combustion engine and electric motor, the innovative spindle actuator of the clutch is the component responsible for this fast response. It controls the hydraulic pressure which operates the clutch with a hitherto never achieved precision. When switched on, the Hybrid Manager evaluates driving situation and acceleration request and selects the appropriate start-up procedure. Either the "Comfort" start of the internal combustion engine or if more power is requested the especially spontaneous "Power" start is initiated.
High-performance battery with its own cooling system
For the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid, Porsche favours the nickel-metal hydride battery proven and tested as a traction battery in cars. It delivers a maximum of 34 kW and stores up to 1.7 kWh of energy. The effective battery capacity is displayed as graphics in the instrument cluster and on the monitor of the optional Porsche Communication Management (PCM).
The size of the maintenance-free and gas-tight batteries allows to accommodate them under the absolutely level luggage compartment floor. So, the available space of the luggage compartment is hardly reduced, only the side pockets were dropped. The battery including its protective housing weighs about 70 kilograms and consists of 240 cells which generate the required voltage of 288 volts. They can be used in temperatures as low as minus 30 degrees thus having excellent cold-starting properties. Its temperature range extends to plus 38 degrees and covers most of the temperatures a car is exposed to.
When charging and discharging, the internal resistance of the battery generates heat which must be dissipated to protect the cells. To cool the battery, an additional cooling element has been integrated into the cooling channel which draws in air from the rear left of the interior under the luggage compartment floor. This element consists of a compact condenser connected with the air conditioning system for cooling the interior. Active cooling expands the operating range of the electric drive at higher outside temperatures, and the hybridspecific driving conditions are available to the driver for much longer periods of time.
In addition, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid comes with a conventional 12-volt battery which supplies energy to the vehicle electrical system. A conventional charger can be used to charge the 12-volt battery. In addition, Porsche customer service can use a high-voltage connection to charge the traction battery using appropriate charging equipment. In parking mode, the battery manager regularly monitors the charge level and the individual cell voltages. When the ignition is switched off, a high-power circuit breaker opens the entire high-voltage circuit. This prevents current from draining off. If a key is used to start the engine, the contactor activated through the 12-volt vehicle electrical system closes the high-voltage circuit and starts the electric motor which then starts the internal combustion engine.
Information at any time: intuitive displays for the driver
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid shows the driver at any time which mode was selected by the Hybrid Manager: driving on electricity, boosting, sailing, recuperation, or charging by shifting the load point. Like in the Cayenne S Hybrid, the instrument cluster of the Panamera S Hybrid differs from other models in some details. In the middle tube, a "Ready" display has been added to the engine speed indicator which besides an acoustic signal during a key-operated start indicates that the hybrid drive is ready to start off in purely electric mode. The E-Power meter in the left tube is an analogue power display which provides the driver with real-time feedback on the electric motor's power status. Pointer excursion into the "Power" range indicates the power required for purely electric vehicle propulsion and during boosting when both drives are operating in tandem. In contrast, the "Charge" display indicates the electric motor's generator power during brake energy recovery.
The interaction between the two drives and the hybrid-specific driving conditions are shown in the instrument cluster's TFT display to supply the driver with information. He is shown the traction battery's charge level and the flows of energy in real time, visualised by means of an arrow symbol in the corresponding direction of flow. In the optionally available PCM, all hybrid-specific driving conditions can be viewed in a detailed vehicle graphic depicting the powertrain. In addition, the statistics display in the PCM (Hybrid Zero Emission display) informs the driver about distances travelled without the internal combustion engine, i.e. without any emissions, and displays them as a proportion of the overall travel time in a bar graph. Driving on electricity alone, recuperation while braking, sailing and when the car is not moving, are all taken into account. And it relates to all driving modes in which the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is driven without any emissions and with no fuel consumption since the internal combustion engine is switched off.
Top-flight sportiness, precision and comfort
In a manner which is characteristic of the Porsche Gran Turismo, the Panamera S Hybrid's chassis combines the genes of a sports car suspension such as precision, stability and safety with saloon features such as comfort and superiority in a unique bandwidth. To achieve this, it is equipped as standard with the adaptive damper control system Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM), which varies the damper forces infinitely, adapting them to road surface conditions and the driving style. The driver can use the PASM button on the centre console to select one of three modes - Comfort, Sport, and Sport Plus. Thus, the balancing act between sporty-comfortable and sporty-taut set-ups is possible. In Comfort mode, the driver enjoys the comfort of a touring saloon, in Sport Plus mode the performance and agility of a Porsche sports car. In all three modes, the necessary damping force is calculated and made available to each wheel. Only comfort or performance are weighed differently depending on the goal in focus.
Like in the Panamera Turbo: adaptive air suspension as standard
The adaptive air suspension is standard in a Porsche Panamera S Hybrid. It comprises four air springs with additional air volume on demand to change the spring rate. If the driver opts for Comfort, each air spring uses all of its volume of about 2.2 litres for a particularly smooth ride which makes long-distance travel in particular less stressful. If the driver prefers a sportier style, a valve is closed and the active volume is reduced to about 1.1 litres. This increases the spring rate and the suspension setting is much firmer. And the PASM switches to Sport mode at the same time. Moreover, the characteristic curve becomes more progressive with increasing spring deflection. Adjustment occurs in combination with the PASM damper setting and therefore intensifies the suspension set-up selected by the driver. This offers a wide spectrum of different driving styles ranging from comfortable to especially sporty.
Another advantage of the air suspension system is that ride heights can be adjusted. It allows to vary the Panamera's ride height in three stages: The high level selected manually allows to lift the vehicle by 20 millimetres at speeds up to 30 km/h (18.6 mph) maximum to make negotiating steep ramps in car parks or high kerbs easier. If on the other hand the Sport Plus suspension set-up is selected, the car's ride height is lowered automatically by 25 millimetres to the low level. At the same time, the effective air volume is reduced to make the spring rate firmer. The PASM determines the appropriate damper characteristics. Levels are changed in about four seconds.
Precise and comfortable: Servotronic
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is the only Gran Turismo which is fitted with Servotronic as standard, which is a speed-sensitive power steering system. Steering is firm at high speeds. The car can be manoeuvred with utmost precision and with high steering comfort at the same time. At low speeds, Servotronic allows easy manoeuvring and parking.
Wheels and tyres: especially developed low-friction tyres upon request
18-inch wheels are standard with tyre sizes 245/50 ZR 18 fitted at the front and 275/45 ZR 18 at the rear. Fuel consumption and emissions are at their lowest when the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is fitted with low-friction tyres which Michelin developed especially for the Porsche Panamera. They have a special tread mixture with a particularly low rolling resistance and an optimised carcass with reduced loss of friction. They are fitted to 19-inch wheels having size 255/45 R19 at the front and 285/40 R19 at the rear. Since they are rated all-season tyres, their top speed is limited to 240 km/h (149 mph).
New: Lane Change Assist for more safety and comfort
From summer 2011, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid will be the first car of the Panamera model line which is equipped with the Lane Change Assist (LCA) as a new optional feature. The system uses two radar sensors in the rear bumper to monitor the lanes on the right and left up to 70 metres behind the vehicle, including the blind spots. The Lane Change Assist system therefore enhances safety and comfort, particularly on motorways. The Lane Change Assist system is available in the 30 to 250 km/h (19 to 155 mph) speed range.
Top-notch interior equipment
The interior equipment for the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is on a par with the very high standards of the Panamera S with the eight-cylinder engine. The new model offers partial leather as standard with embossed leather in a choice of three attractive colours. Other options are available in a choice of extras like smooth leather, bi-colour combinations, and natural leather. Numerous decorative trims in a choice of carbon, aluminium, and up to five wood trims are offered for individualisation. The decorative trims are accentuated by galvanised aluminium strips. The variety of individualisation options include smallest details like a Porsche badge impressed into the headrest leather. The standard front comfort seats have a sporty feel and can be adjusted electrically to eight positions for outstanding travelling comfort. In the rear, two separate seats with a foldable centre armrest offer generous legand headroom even for tall passengers. The front seats have heating as standard, ventilation is an optional feature.
To enhance this seating system, the Comfort Memory package with electrical 14-way adjustment and Adaptive Sport Seats with Comfort Memory package, raised side bolsters and electrical 18-way adjustment are available as options. Similar to the other models, a two-zone climate control with separate temperature settings and air distribution for driver and passenger are standard in the Panamera S Hybrid. A four-zone climate control can be added upon request.
For individual entertainment: a wide range of functions and extras
With its comfort functions as well as audio and communication equipment, the Panamera sets entirely new standards in the luxury car class. The command centre in the hybrid model is a seven-inch touch screen either in combination with the audio system CDR-31 or with the optional Porsche Communication Management (PCM) including navigation module. The outstanding feature of the PCM is the seven-inch high-resolution screen whose high graphics resolution is particularly useful when displaying the 3D navigation map. In splitscreen mode, two functions can be displayed at the same time like the navigation map and the routing guidance list. In addition, the PCM offers a whole host of further attractive functions ranging from the integrated telephone module, Bluetooth® connection of mobile phones and a voice control system to an electronic logbook. And it goes without saying that an optional universal audio interface is also available for connecting devices like an iPod® or a USB medium.
Upon request, rear passengers may enjoy their very personal entertainment programme in the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid. The Porsche Rear Seat Entertainment from Porsche Exclusive features two consoles integrated into the backrests of the front seats for swivelling seveninch TFT screens including integrated players and wireless infrared headphones. For comfortable operation, the touch screen may be used, and the consoles for the screens are covered with leather matching the interior.
The optional 545-watt BOSE® Surround Sound System is available for the Panamera S Hybrid as well. In contrast to the other Gran Turismo models, the subwoofer is not stowed away in the luggage compartment floor but is integrated into the loading edge of the luggage compartment to make room for the traction battery and its cooling system. In combination with the PCM, the system opens up the impressive sound spectrum of digital 5.1 recordings when listening to audio or video DVDs. It goes without saying that CDs can be played as well - in stereo and in a surround mode which is generated by the patented BOSE® Centerpoint® technology. A total of 14 loudspeakers, a 160-watt active subwoofer with a Class D output stage as well as nine amplifier channels ensure an impressive aural experience.
Specifications of the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid
Bore: 84.5 mm
Stroke: 89.0 mm
Displacement: 2,995 cc
Compression Ratio: 10.5:1
Engine Power
V6 engine: 245 kW (333 hp) from 5,500 rpm to 6,500 rpm
Electric motor: 34 kW (47 hp) from 1,150 rpm
Combined: 279 kW (380 hp) at 5,500 rpm
Max. Torque
V6 engine: 440 Nm from 3,300 rpm to 5,250 rpm
Electric motor: 300 Nm up to 1,150 rpm
Combined: 580 Nm at 1,000 rpm
Power Output per Litre: 81.8 kW/litre (111.3 hp/litre)
Maximum Revs: 6,500 rpm
Fuel Type: Super 95
Dimensions
Length:: 4,970 mm
Width 1,931 mm
Height: 1,418 mm
Wheelbase: 2,920 mm
Track widths
Front 1,658 mm
Rear 1,662 mm
Luggage compartment volume according to VDA: 335 to 1,153 litres
Fuel tank capacity: 80 litres
Unladen weight DIN: 1,980 kg
Perm. gross weight: 2,485 kg
Permissble roof load: 75 kg
Performance
Top speed: 270 km/h (167.8 mph)
0-100 km/h (62 mph): 6.0 s
0-160 km/h (99 mph): 14.4 s
0-200 km/h (124 mph): 24.3 s
0-1000 metres (3,2801 ft): 25.9 s
Fuel Consumption
Urban: 8.3 litres/100 km
Extra-urban: 6.4 litres/100 km
Combined: 7.1 litres/100 km
CO2 Emissions: 167 g/km
Emission Category: Euro 5
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is the first parallel full hybrid car in the luxury class with unique features. The range on electricity alone is approximately two kilometres (1.24 miles), the speed in electric mode is up to 85 km/h (53 mph) depending on the driving situation. Moreover, thanks to the so-called "sailing" mode on motorways and main roads, the Porsche hybrid is the only system in the world able to exploit additional consumption reserves in higher speed ranges. This entails disengaging and switching off the internal combustion engine at speeds of up to 165 km/h (103 mph) during phases when no power is delivered by the internal combustion engine.
The exterior of Porsche's new Gran Turismo series model corresponds extensively to the Panamera S. Distinguishing features include the "Panamera S hybrid" emblem on the rear and the "hybrid" badges on both front doors.
The equipment for the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is on a par with the very high standards of the Panamera S with the eight-cylinder engine. In addition, the hybrid model is fitted with the adaptive air suspension including the adaptive damping control system PASM, Servotronic and a rear wiper all as standard. Furthermore, the new Gran Turismo has an innovative display concept which provides all of the car's relevant information about the hybrid-specific driving conditions to the driver.
The drive concept of the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid therefore parallels that in the Cayenne S Hybrid already proving its worth there. Continued development and adapting to the potential of the Porsche Gran Turismo bestowed improved and additional functions upon the Panamera. Limit speeds for purely electric driving and sailing are higher, extended driving in electric mode is possible, and active cooling of the battery raises the hybrid system's availability.
At present, significantly lower emissions result in tax advantages for the Panamera S Hybrid in many markets. In comparison with the Panamera S, the motor vehicle tax in Germany will be lower by 204 euro annually. In France, the hybrid model will save the owner a one-time sum of 1,850 euro, in Spain 4,475 euro, and in the Netherlands 8,584 euro. In markets outside Europe, up to 2,200 US dollar can be saved in the US, Japan exempts the buyer from paying the equivalent of 4,000 euro, and in China this advantage adds up to the equivalent of about 15,000 euro.
A powerful team: 333 hp V6 compressor engine and 34 kW electric motor
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is driven by the same engine combination that has already proved itself in the Cayenne S Hybrid: The main power comes from a three-litre V6 compressor engine which delivers 333 hp (245 kW) and is supported by a 34 kW (47 hp) electric motor. Their maximum torque of up to 300 Nm is available constantly at speeds below 1,150 rpm. The electric motor can propel the Panamera S Hybrid all by itself or can support the internal combustion engine. And it can be used as a generator or as a starter.
The electric motor is hooked up to a nickel-metal hydride battery (NiMH) which is used to store electrical energy generated while braking or driving. The battery fitted under the floor of the luggage compartment has a capacity of 1.7 kWh supplying a voltage of 288 volts. It goes without saying that the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid has an auto start/stop function which automatically shuts down the internal combustion engine even when the car is not moving.
Smooth power transmission: eight-speed Tiptronic S
For the first time in a Panamera, power transmission is handled by the standard eight-speed Tiptronic S with wide ratio spread familiar from the Cayenne models. The Panamera S Hybrid is exclusively available with rear-wheel drive.
The eight-speed Tiptronic S for the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is a transmission characterised by high efficiency and fast gear changes coupled with supreme gearshift and ride comfort. Its design is such that revs are reduced by about 20 per cent in seventh and eighth gear, which decidedly contributes to lowering fuel consumption especially during long stretches on motorways. Top speed is reached in sixth gear.
The fast gear changes which the driver hardly notices guarantee highest agility and maximum driving pleasure. Thanks to intelligent gearshift programmes, the driver can use the accelerator and brake pedals to influence deliberately the gear change behaviour of the Tiptronic S. Rapid accelerator pedal action makes changing gears more dynamic - entirely without kickdown. So, if you lift your foot off the accelerator pedal quickly just before you enter a bend, upchange is suppressed. In addition, the gear engaged is blocked preventing mid-corner upchanges.
The gear change characteristics of the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid transmission have been adapted to the extended hybrid drive operating conditions. This is necessary for improved recuperation performance, for instance adjusting gear change speeds (downchanges) during brake energy recovery, or for a comfortable restart of the internal combustion energy after driving in purely electric mode. The special settings of the eight-speed Tiptronic S make available optimum gear change strategies also when drawing additional power from the electric motor under acceleration.
Powerful, compact, and lightweight parallel full hybrid
Porsche uses a parallel full hybrid instead of the power-split hybrid drive. A concept for which there are several good reasons. In contrast to other hybrid concepts displaying their advantage particularly during urban driving, the Porsche-developed system allows the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid to sail at speeds of up to 165 km/h (103 mph) without engaging the internal combustion engine or the electric motor. The parallel full hybrid also enables the acceleration and elasticity typical of a Porsche without the so-called rubber band effect of power-split hybrid systems. The concept therefore perfectly matches Porsche's philosophy of offering extraordinary performance and maximum efficiency at the same time.
One additional advantage is the comparatively small space required, because the entire hybrid module is extremely compact with a length of just 147.5 millimetres. It is mounted between the internal combustion engine and the transmission, and essentially consists of the ring-shaped synchronous motor and a decoupler at the side connecting up to the internal combustion engine. Its power distribution and characteristics therefore correspond to those of a conventional drive. The Porsche hybrid also carries relatively little extra weight. With an unladen weight of 1980 kg, the Panamera S Hybrid lies at the lower end of its class and enables a payload of up to 505 kg. Even when driving in purely electric mode, all vehicle functions are maintained which is ensured by electric pumps for power steering, brake booster, automatic transmission oil circuit, air conditioning compressor, and other components.
Driving the Hybrid 1: electric car right from the start
In principle, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is easy and uncomplicated to handle like any other Porsche Gran Turismo. Use and cooperation of electric motor and internal combustion engine are controlled automatically. Every driver can nevertheless influence the car's behaviour at: either using accelerator and brake pedals or pressing the E-Power button.
When pulling away, the system decides whether the Panamera S Hybrid drives on electricity or uses the internal combustion engine. Provided that oil, cooling water, and battery have a temperature exceeding 15 degrees Celsius, ambient temperature is more than ten degrees, and the battery's charge level is higher than 38 per cent, and if the accelerator pedal is pressed down gently, the Gran Turismo will set off using only the electric motor. This means that the driver can leave an underground car park in electric mode without engaging the internal combustion engine even though the car was parked there overnight. If heating is necessary or if windows start misting up, the system will start the internal combustion engine after about 30 seconds which will be prolonged to about two minutes after the E-Power button was activated. If there is no need for the internal combustion engine to kick in, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid can cover short distances without any emissions at speeds of up to 85 km/h (52.8 mph) under favourable driving conditions and with a moderate driving style - like in residential areas. The range in purely electric mode is about two kilometres (1.2 miles) on level ground. Going downhill - like from an Alpine pass - the Panamera S Hybrid can travel distinctly longer stretches on electricity alone because of the intensive battery charging phases while braking.
E-Power button extends range in electric mode
By activating the E-Power button in the centre console, the range which can be covered on electricity alone is extended. An LED on the button indicates activation and the message "E-Power" lights up in blue on the instrument cluster. The availability depends on parameters like charge level and temperature of the battery. In E-Power mode, the accelerator characteristic is modified so that acceleration commands are implemented significantly more moderately, and early automatic starting of the internal combustion engine is prevented when higher power is required. In comparison with the Cayenne S Hybrid, torque reserves in the Panamera for a restart are reduced from 100 Nm to 50 Nm which translates into more power for acceleration in electric mode. In practice, the driver can accelerate with gusto in electric mode without the internal combustion engine kicking in. At speeds higher than 75 km/h (46.6 mph), the E-Power mode is deactivated.
Driving the Hybrid 2: joining forces for acceleration
If the driver steps on the accelerator pedal to demand more power, the internal combustion engine fires. A kickdown for full acceleration triggers the so-called "boost mode" which makes maximum power of the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid available to the driver for a short period of time. In this case, the driving torques of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor are superimposed, i.e. they add up. This is a big advantage of the parallel full hybrid concept. While the internal combustion engine develops its maximum torque of 440 Nm at 3,000 to 5,250 rpm, the electric motor is able to implement its full torque of up to 300 Nm from a standing start. Maximum output of both drives totals 380 hp and is available at 5500 rpm, and the combined torque of 580 Nm available already at 1000 rpm guarantees brawny acceleration.
Since maximum torque of the drive units is available at different speeds, maximum values cannot simply be added up. At higher revs, the drive concept causes the torque of the electric motor to decrease. Continued constant and efficient power at high revs is provided by the internal combustion engine with the electric motor continuing to assist. Both drives therefore complement each other perfectly, enabling the driver to employ powerful, combined output development throughout the entire engine speed range. The Panamera S Hybrid therefore benefits from the two drives' intelligent interaction thanks to a particularly sporty response from a standing start and high vehicle dynamics also at higher speeds, i.e. when overtaking. Electric boosting is available immediately when using the kickdown function. With the Sport button activated, boost power is increased and both drive units cooperate to deliver maximum power when the accelerator pedal is at 80 per cent of its travel range.
Driving the Hybrid 3: efficient sailing at speeds up to 165 km/h (103 mph)
Thanks to the decoupler, a Porsche full hybrid drive can exploit further consumption potential even at higher speeds offering what is called sailing. If propulsion is not required, the internal combustion engine is automatically switched off and the decoupler disengages the engine from the drivetrain as soon as the driver eases up on the accelerator pedal at speeds up to 165 km/h (103 mph). This eliminates engine braking due to engine drag torque while sailing which reduces driving resistance and in turn fuel consumption. In practice, when driving on motorways, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid will frequently switch to sailing mode if there is a slight downhill gradient and if the car travels at an even speed, for instance when the automatic cruise control is switched on.
While sailing, the electric motor acts as a generator generating electrical energy without creating any additional loads in the drivetrain. If the car is in sailing mode and the driver presses on the accelerator to overtake, the internal combustion engine is restarted quickly and comfortably within a fraction of a second and the engine speed is increased to match the travelling speed. Even at this pace, a short burst of speed is therefore possible as spontaneously as in a Panamera fitted with a conventional engine.
Driving the Hybrid 4: saving fuel by generating electricity
The unrivalled low fuel consumption of the Panamera S Hybrid is mainly due to its ability to recover the kinetic energy of the car while braking converting it to electrical energy. The Porsche parallel full hybrid has been optimised such that when the driver presses on the brake pedal, as much energy as possible is fed back to the battery because the electric motor acts as a generator. In this case, the control system determines brake pedal travel and adjusts the electrical current of the generator accordingly thus decelerating the car electrically in dependence of the brake energy required. Only at higher speeds and when slowing down, the conventional braking system kicks in.
Alternatively, the internal combustion engine is used while the car is on the move to recharge the battery by shifting the so-called load point. Every power unit has a specific load range within which its operation is most economical. If a six-cylinder engine under part-load operates below this range, the control unit automatically open the throttle further so that the engine load increases but the engine speed will not change, and uses this additional power to generate electricity. Generator output and throttle valve opening are controlled so that the internal combustion engine operates in a higher efficiency range which will make for optimised use of the fuel consumed and part of it stored in the battery as electrical energy. The driver will not notice anything since neither engine nor travelling speeds change. Consequently, the Panamera acts as if it begins to climb uphill from a level road with the cruise control switched on.
Porsche pioneering achievement: Hybrid Manager for intelligent control
Sophisticated control and components developed to a high standard facilitate implemen tation of the features of a Porsche parallel hybrid which are exemplary among hybrid vehicles. The interaction of the main components, i.e. internal combustion engine, electric motor, decoupler, and battery, is highly complex and is coordinated by the Hybrid Manager which holds all crucial know-how of the Porsche hybrid system. It receives all driving and energy information and controls the operations of electric motor, decoupler and internal combustion engine in every driving situation for optimum fuel consumption. Moreover, it ensures that the battery charge level never falls below a specific threshold or that the battery is not charged and recharged too frequently.
Another key element of the parallel full hybrid system is the decoupler which is fitted between internal combustion engine and electric motor and for which especially long-lasting friction pads have been developed. Its operation is so smooth that driver and passenger do not notice the internal combustion engine engaging and disengaging. Nevertheless, full acceleration of both power units is available at any time with practically no delay. This means that with the internal combustion engine shut down the power unit will spring to life within the shortest time possible, reaches the required speed and engages the decoupler without the driver noticing it.
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid manages all this in about 300 milliseconds. During this time, several processes run in parallel: When the internal combustion engine revs up, the torque converter clutch in the automatic transmission opens and the torque of the electric motor is raised briefly to start the six-cylinder engine. At the same time, the clutch between electric motor and internal combustion engine engages within a time of about 70 milliseconds following a defined pressure curve. Besides the elaborate interaction of internal combustion engine and electric motor, the innovative spindle actuator of the clutch is the component responsible for this fast response. It controls the hydraulic pressure which operates the clutch with a hitherto never achieved precision. When switched on, the Hybrid Manager evaluates driving situation and acceleration request and selects the appropriate start-up procedure. Either the "Comfort" start of the internal combustion engine or if more power is requested the especially spontaneous "Power" start is initiated.
High-performance battery with its own cooling system
For the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid, Porsche favours the nickel-metal hydride battery proven and tested as a traction battery in cars. It delivers a maximum of 34 kW and stores up to 1.7 kWh of energy. The effective battery capacity is displayed as graphics in the instrument cluster and on the monitor of the optional Porsche Communication Management (PCM).
The size of the maintenance-free and gas-tight batteries allows to accommodate them under the absolutely level luggage compartment floor. So, the available space of the luggage compartment is hardly reduced, only the side pockets were dropped. The battery including its protective housing weighs about 70 kilograms and consists of 240 cells which generate the required voltage of 288 volts. They can be used in temperatures as low as minus 30 degrees thus having excellent cold-starting properties. Its temperature range extends to plus 38 degrees and covers most of the temperatures a car is exposed to.
When charging and discharging, the internal resistance of the battery generates heat which must be dissipated to protect the cells. To cool the battery, an additional cooling element has been integrated into the cooling channel which draws in air from the rear left of the interior under the luggage compartment floor. This element consists of a compact condenser connected with the air conditioning system for cooling the interior. Active cooling expands the operating range of the electric drive at higher outside temperatures, and the hybridspecific driving conditions are available to the driver for much longer periods of time.
In addition, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid comes with a conventional 12-volt battery which supplies energy to the vehicle electrical system. A conventional charger can be used to charge the 12-volt battery. In addition, Porsche customer service can use a high-voltage connection to charge the traction battery using appropriate charging equipment. In parking mode, the battery manager regularly monitors the charge level and the individual cell voltages. When the ignition is switched off, a high-power circuit breaker opens the entire high-voltage circuit. This prevents current from draining off. If a key is used to start the engine, the contactor activated through the 12-volt vehicle electrical system closes the high-voltage circuit and starts the electric motor which then starts the internal combustion engine.
Information at any time: intuitive displays for the driver
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid shows the driver at any time which mode was selected by the Hybrid Manager: driving on electricity, boosting, sailing, recuperation, or charging by shifting the load point. Like in the Cayenne S Hybrid, the instrument cluster of the Panamera S Hybrid differs from other models in some details. In the middle tube, a "Ready" display has been added to the engine speed indicator which besides an acoustic signal during a key-operated start indicates that the hybrid drive is ready to start off in purely electric mode. The E-Power meter in the left tube is an analogue power display which provides the driver with real-time feedback on the electric motor's power status. Pointer excursion into the "Power" range indicates the power required for purely electric vehicle propulsion and during boosting when both drives are operating in tandem. In contrast, the "Charge" display indicates the electric motor's generator power during brake energy recovery.
The interaction between the two drives and the hybrid-specific driving conditions are shown in the instrument cluster's TFT display to supply the driver with information. He is shown the traction battery's charge level and the flows of energy in real time, visualised by means of an arrow symbol in the corresponding direction of flow. In the optionally available PCM, all hybrid-specific driving conditions can be viewed in a detailed vehicle graphic depicting the powertrain. In addition, the statistics display in the PCM (Hybrid Zero Emission display) informs the driver about distances travelled without the internal combustion engine, i.e. without any emissions, and displays them as a proportion of the overall travel time in a bar graph. Driving on electricity alone, recuperation while braking, sailing and when the car is not moving, are all taken into account. And it relates to all driving modes in which the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is driven without any emissions and with no fuel consumption since the internal combustion engine is switched off.
Top-flight sportiness, precision and comfort
In a manner which is characteristic of the Porsche Gran Turismo, the Panamera S Hybrid's chassis combines the genes of a sports car suspension such as precision, stability and safety with saloon features such as comfort and superiority in a unique bandwidth. To achieve this, it is equipped as standard with the adaptive damper control system Porsche Active Suspension Management (PASM), which varies the damper forces infinitely, adapting them to road surface conditions and the driving style. The driver can use the PASM button on the centre console to select one of three modes - Comfort, Sport, and Sport Plus. Thus, the balancing act between sporty-comfortable and sporty-taut set-ups is possible. In Comfort mode, the driver enjoys the comfort of a touring saloon, in Sport Plus mode the performance and agility of a Porsche sports car. In all three modes, the necessary damping force is calculated and made available to each wheel. Only comfort or performance are weighed differently depending on the goal in focus.
Like in the Panamera Turbo: adaptive air suspension as standard
The adaptive air suspension is standard in a Porsche Panamera S Hybrid. It comprises four air springs with additional air volume on demand to change the spring rate. If the driver opts for Comfort, each air spring uses all of its volume of about 2.2 litres for a particularly smooth ride which makes long-distance travel in particular less stressful. If the driver prefers a sportier style, a valve is closed and the active volume is reduced to about 1.1 litres. This increases the spring rate and the suspension setting is much firmer. And the PASM switches to Sport mode at the same time. Moreover, the characteristic curve becomes more progressive with increasing spring deflection. Adjustment occurs in combination with the PASM damper setting and therefore intensifies the suspension set-up selected by the driver. This offers a wide spectrum of different driving styles ranging from comfortable to especially sporty.
Another advantage of the air suspension system is that ride heights can be adjusted. It allows to vary the Panamera's ride height in three stages: The high level selected manually allows to lift the vehicle by 20 millimetres at speeds up to 30 km/h (18.6 mph) maximum to make negotiating steep ramps in car parks or high kerbs easier. If on the other hand the Sport Plus suspension set-up is selected, the car's ride height is lowered automatically by 25 millimetres to the low level. At the same time, the effective air volume is reduced to make the spring rate firmer. The PASM determines the appropriate damper characteristics. Levels are changed in about four seconds.
Precise and comfortable: Servotronic
The Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is the only Gran Turismo which is fitted with Servotronic as standard, which is a speed-sensitive power steering system. Steering is firm at high speeds. The car can be manoeuvred with utmost precision and with high steering comfort at the same time. At low speeds, Servotronic allows easy manoeuvring and parking.
Wheels and tyres: especially developed low-friction tyres upon request
18-inch wheels are standard with tyre sizes 245/50 ZR 18 fitted at the front and 275/45 ZR 18 at the rear. Fuel consumption and emissions are at their lowest when the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is fitted with low-friction tyres which Michelin developed especially for the Porsche Panamera. They have a special tread mixture with a particularly low rolling resistance and an optimised carcass with reduced loss of friction. They are fitted to 19-inch wheels having size 255/45 R19 at the front and 285/40 R19 at the rear. Since they are rated all-season tyres, their top speed is limited to 240 km/h (149 mph).
New: Lane Change Assist for more safety and comfort
From summer 2011, the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid will be the first car of the Panamera model line which is equipped with the Lane Change Assist (LCA) as a new optional feature. The system uses two radar sensors in the rear bumper to monitor the lanes on the right and left up to 70 metres behind the vehicle, including the blind spots. The Lane Change Assist system therefore enhances safety and comfort, particularly on motorways. The Lane Change Assist system is available in the 30 to 250 km/h (19 to 155 mph) speed range.
Top-notch interior equipment
The interior equipment for the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid is on a par with the very high standards of the Panamera S with the eight-cylinder engine. The new model offers partial leather as standard with embossed leather in a choice of three attractive colours. Other options are available in a choice of extras like smooth leather, bi-colour combinations, and natural leather. Numerous decorative trims in a choice of carbon, aluminium, and up to five wood trims are offered for individualisation. The decorative trims are accentuated by galvanised aluminium strips. The variety of individualisation options include smallest details like a Porsche badge impressed into the headrest leather. The standard front comfort seats have a sporty feel and can be adjusted electrically to eight positions for outstanding travelling comfort. In the rear, two separate seats with a foldable centre armrest offer generous legand headroom even for tall passengers. The front seats have heating as standard, ventilation is an optional feature.
To enhance this seating system, the Comfort Memory package with electrical 14-way adjustment and Adaptive Sport Seats with Comfort Memory package, raised side bolsters and electrical 18-way adjustment are available as options. Similar to the other models, a two-zone climate control with separate temperature settings and air distribution for driver and passenger are standard in the Panamera S Hybrid. A four-zone climate control can be added upon request.
For individual entertainment: a wide range of functions and extras
With its comfort functions as well as audio and communication equipment, the Panamera sets entirely new standards in the luxury car class. The command centre in the hybrid model is a seven-inch touch screen either in combination with the audio system CDR-31 or with the optional Porsche Communication Management (PCM) including navigation module. The outstanding feature of the PCM is the seven-inch high-resolution screen whose high graphics resolution is particularly useful when displaying the 3D navigation map. In splitscreen mode, two functions can be displayed at the same time like the navigation map and the routing guidance list. In addition, the PCM offers a whole host of further attractive functions ranging from the integrated telephone module, Bluetooth® connection of mobile phones and a voice control system to an electronic logbook. And it goes without saying that an optional universal audio interface is also available for connecting devices like an iPod® or a USB medium.
Upon request, rear passengers may enjoy their very personal entertainment programme in the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid. The Porsche Rear Seat Entertainment from Porsche Exclusive features two consoles integrated into the backrests of the front seats for swivelling seveninch TFT screens including integrated players and wireless infrared headphones. For comfortable operation, the touch screen may be used, and the consoles for the screens are covered with leather matching the interior.
The optional 545-watt BOSE® Surround Sound System is available for the Panamera S Hybrid as well. In contrast to the other Gran Turismo models, the subwoofer is not stowed away in the luggage compartment floor but is integrated into the loading edge of the luggage compartment to make room for the traction battery and its cooling system. In combination with the PCM, the system opens up the impressive sound spectrum of digital 5.1 recordings when listening to audio or video DVDs. It goes without saying that CDs can be played as well - in stereo and in a surround mode which is generated by the patented BOSE® Centerpoint® technology. A total of 14 loudspeakers, a 160-watt active subwoofer with a Class D output stage as well as nine amplifier channels ensure an impressive aural experience.
Specifications of the Porsche Panamera S Hybrid
Bore: 84.5 mm
Stroke: 89.0 mm
Displacement: 2,995 cc
Compression Ratio: 10.5:1
Engine Power
V6 engine: 245 kW (333 hp) from 5,500 rpm to 6,500 rpm
Electric motor: 34 kW (47 hp) from 1,150 rpm
Combined: 279 kW (380 hp) at 5,500 rpm
Max. Torque
V6 engine: 440 Nm from 3,300 rpm to 5,250 rpm
Electric motor: 300 Nm up to 1,150 rpm
Combined: 580 Nm at 1,000 rpm
Power Output per Litre: 81.8 kW/litre (111.3 hp/litre)
Maximum Revs: 6,500 rpm
Fuel Type: Super 95
Dimensions
Length:: 4,970 mm
Width 1,931 mm
Height: 1,418 mm
Wheelbase: 2,920 mm
Track widths
Front 1,658 mm
Rear 1,662 mm
Luggage compartment volume according to VDA: 335 to 1,153 litres
Fuel tank capacity: 80 litres
Unladen weight DIN: 1,980 kg
Perm. gross weight: 2,485 kg
Permissble roof load: 75 kg
Performance
Top speed: 270 km/h (167.8 mph)
0-100 km/h (62 mph): 6.0 s
0-160 km/h (99 mph): 14.4 s
0-200 km/h (124 mph): 24.3 s
0-1000 metres (3,2801 ft): 25.9 s
Fuel Consumption
Urban: 8.3 litres/100 km
Extra-urban: 6.4 litres/100 km
Combined: 7.1 litres/100 km
CO2 Emissions: 167 g/km
Emission Category: Euro 5
Thứ Ba, 30 tháng 10, 2012
Toyota Tacoma, 2012
- Toyota Tacoma, 2012
The Toyota Tacoma, still the best-selling compact pickup truck in the U.S. market by a wide margin, offers a restyled exterior look and a redesigned, upgraded interior in all models for 2012. New changes add comfort, usability and audio/infotainment performance.
Toyota sold more than 106,000 Tacoma models for 2010, outselling its nearest competitor by nearly two-to-one. For 2012, Toyota Tacoma shows a fresh face with a redesigned hood, grille, headlamps and front bumper, among other changes. Inside, customers will find a new center-instrument panel design with a revised gauge cluster, along with a new steering wheel. A redesigned center stack adds new air conditioner/heater controls and power point locations.
The 2012 Tacoma interior also gets a new look with a black high-contrast center console, switch plate covers, dash and upper door trim, while the SR5 grade features a new seat fabric design. With owners using their trucks for hard work and hard play, Toyota Tacoma offers new heavy-duty all-weather flooring in the 2012 Tacoma Access and Double Cab models, while the more specialized TRD Sport and Off-Road models offer new water-resistant fabric protection seats. The TRD Sport Package adds side mirrors with turn-signal lamps for 2012, as well as available chrome-clad 18-inch wheels.
Details that add up to more comfort and function include a larger, higher-resolution display for the available back-up camera (3.3-inch vs. 2.4-inch), a new temperature gauge, available rear-view mirror with compass and HomeLink, vanity lamps added to sun visors, an additional overhead storage compartment and, on Access Cab models, a new rear-console storage box. All models now feature two front-deck "D" rings for added versatility.
The 2012 Toyota Tacoma is available in a wide variety of configurations and models, and this focus on customer choice has been instrumental in the vehicle's continued market leadership. Many models offer a choice between four-cylinder and V6 engines, and 2WD and 4WD drivetrains.
The Toyota Tacoma has been repeatedly recognized for its outstanding value and reliability. Tacoma was named "Most Dependable Midsize Pickup" in the J.D. Power & Associates 2011 Vehicle Dependability Study, and Intellichoice called it a "2011 Best Overall Value" in the compact pickup segment.
New Audio Choices for 2012
Toyota has upgraded audio options for some 2012 Tacoma models. Access Cab models with a new available six-speaker system with an AM/FM/ Satellite Radio-capable head unit with a single-disc CD player. Built-in Bluetooth allows hands-free phone, and a USB port enables connection of an iPod, MP3 player or flash drive with music files.
The DoubleCab V6 models offer a more advanced display audio system with today's most in-demand connectivity features. These include navigation, Toyota Entune™ services, SiriusXM Satellite Radio (with 90-day trial subscription), HD Radio with iTunes® tagging and text/e-mail-to-voice. This premium infotainment system plays through a JBL® GreenEdge audio system with seven speakers. GreenEdge technology helps reduce fuel consumption by lowering the electric power demand on the vehicle.
The Toyota Entune system is a collection of popular mobile applications and data services, with three years of complimentary access. Once a smart phone is connected to the vehicle using Bluetooth wireless technology or a USB cable, Entune's features are operated using the vehicle's controls or, for some services, by voice recognition. Entune includes Bing™ and Pandora®; real-time info including traffic, weather, fuel prices, sports and stocks. Apps available in spring 2012 at no charge include iHeartRadio, MovieTickets.com and OpenTable®. See toyota.com/entune for details.
Performance
The 2012 Toyota Tacoma line offers two engines: a 2.7-liter Dual Overhead Cam (DOHC) four-cylinder that produces 159 horsepower and 180 lb-ft. of torque, and a 4.0-liter DOHC V6 that provides 236 horsepower with 266 lb-ft. of torque. In both engines, variable valve timing with intelligence (VVT-i) provides strong low-end and mid-range torque.
An Electronic Throttle Control System with intelligence helps optimize performance and fuel economy. The V6 can be teamed with either a six-speed manual or a five-speed automatic transmission. Four-cylinder models offer a choice between a five-speed manual and a four-speed automatic transmission. When equipped with a V6 Tow Package, Access Cab models boast a maximum tow capacity of up to 6,500 pounds.
X-Runner: A Unique Sport Truck
The Tacoma X-Runner performance truck, unique in the entire compact truck category, returns for 2012 and features the 4.0-liter V6 engine with a specially tuned chassis. Featuring a six-speed manual transmission, the X-Runner can accelerate from 0-to-60 mph in less than seven seconds. Just as impressive, the Toyota Tacoma X-Runner can achieve lateral acceleration in excess of 0.9-g - comparable to many performance cars. The X-Runner's Access Cab design incorporates a full body kit, a hood scoop and integrated fog lamps. The color-keyed monochromatic exterior comes in three colors - Barcelona Red, Black Sand Pearl and Nautica Blue Metallic, which is new for 2012.
To take performance even higher, TRD offers a 4.0-liter V6 supercharger kit capable of generating 304 horsepower and 334 lbs.-ft. of torque also available for other Tacoma V6 models). The design uses Eaton Roots-type rotating components in a one-piece supercharger plenum/manifold casting. The supercharger is fully warranted for up to five years or 60,000 miles or the remainder of the powertrain warranty at the time of installation when installed by a Toyota dealer.
T|X Packages for the Hardcore Pickup Fan
The T|X and T|X Pro Packages, available in conjunction with the TRD Off-Road Package, add a concept-truck look to the Toyota Tacoma V6 Access Cab or V6 Double Cab PreRunner and 4x4 models. The T|X Package gives the Tacoma a menacing look and additional sportiness with TRD 16-inch black alloy bead-lock wheels and 265/70R16 BFGoodrich Rugged Trail tires. Black tube-side steps, a stainless steel exhaust tip and unique exterior graphics give the T|X the aesthetics of a custom truck.
The T|X Pro is the performance-oriented package by also including a TRD cat-back performance exhaust system that gives the V6 a throatier sound and a bit more power. The T|X and T|X Pro Packages offer a strong value compared to offering the contents as separate accessories, especially considering that they are covered under Toyota's standard three year/36,000-mile comprehensive vehicle limited warranty and can be financed.
The TRD Off-Road Package underlying both T|X editions provides a carefully tuned balance of off-road performance and on-road handling. Chassis modifications include an electronic locking rear differential, progressive-rate front springs, specially tuned Bilstein shock absorbers, a 28-mm front stabilizer bar and BFGoodrich Rugged Trail tires. Fog lamps top off the package for a tough, sporty appearance. Both the TRD Off-Road Package and TRD Sport Package have a 400W/115V powerpoint in the bed; sport seats with adjustable lumbar support and unique fabric, and an overhead console with a compass and outside temperature display. Double Cab and Access Cab models also offer a back-up monitor system.
Safety
Standard on all Tacoma models is the Toyota Star Safety System™, which includes Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Traction Control (TRAC), an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD), Brake Assist (BA), and Smart Stop brake override technology. Every Toyota Tacoma has standard three-point seatbelts for all seating positions, front seat-mounted side airbags, roll-sensing side curtain airbags (including a cutoff switch), and a front advanced dual-stage airbag system. A front passenger cutoff switch is standard on Access Cab models.
All Access Cab and Double Cab models feature standard active headrests for the front seats, which move up and forward almost instantly in the event of certain rear-end collisions to help reduce the distance between the occupant's head and the headrest.
Capability, Handling and Ride
The TRD Off-Road Package available for 4x4 V6 automatic models includes Hill-start Assist Control (HAC) and Downhill Assist Control (DAC). HAC operates by independently controlling the brakes at each wheel as needed to help prevent the vehicle from rolling backward or slipping sideways during a transition from a stopped position to climbing a grade. An Automatic Limited-slip Differential (Auto-LSD), which uses brake intervention to help reduce tire slippage at the rear wheels, is standard on all Tacoma models.
DAC uses engine braking to regulate downhill speed and independently control the brakes at each wheel to help improve directional control. DAC automatically de-activates if the driver depresses the brake or accelerator pedals, presses the DAC button, or shifts into neutral. TRD Off-Road Packages feature a locking rear differential that can be activated by a switch in the cab. An electronic rear differential is available on 4x4 models and the PreRunner.
Comfort and Convenience
The well-equipped 4x2 Regular Cab model features standard air conditioning; a full-size spare tire; AM/FM CD four-speaker sound system; tachometer; digital clock; two instrument panel powerpoints with a lighter; dome lamp; and rear mudguards. Regular Cab 4x4 models with the automatic transmission feature standard bucket seats. Toyota Tacoma Access Cab and Double Cab models add more standard features, including power windows and door locks, bucket seats and a center console. In Double Cab models, power mirrors and driver seat adjustable lumbar support are also standard.
Options
For both Access and Double Cab models, the available option combinations are built on five core packages. The SR5 Package bundles styling and comfort features, including color-keyed overfenders and front bumper, chrome grille surround and chrome rear bumper, intermittent wipers and upgraded interior features and trim, including a leather-wrapped steering wheel and automatic transmission shift lever.
The TRD Sport Package is road-focused and features its own specific suspension tuning and lower-profile 265/65 R17 tires on 17-inch alloy wheels. This package also gives Tacoma a sporty look with fog lamps, hood scoop, TRD graphics and color-keyed rear bumper, mirrors, grille surround and door handles.
The available dealer-installed TRD Big Brake system was developed by Toyota Technical Center and TRD engineers. Engineered to provide effective braking performance under sustained heavy use, the Big Brake system dramatically improves pedal feel. The system uses 13 x 1.25-inch semi-floating vented rotors with directional internal fins, forged aluminum four-piston fixed calipers, larger pads with high coefficient-of-friction material and braided steel lines.
Exterior Design
The 2012 Toyota Tacoma has a new look from the A-pillar forward, with new front grilles on all grades. In addition to a new hood, Tacoma also receives new headlamps, new upper and lower bumper areas, including an updated fog lamp housing.
Toyota Tacoma configurations are based on three cab types: Regular Cab, Access Cab, and the four-door Double Cab. The rear doors on Access Cab models open to 80 degrees to give passengers easy ingress and egress. Bold overfenders distinguish PreRunner and 4x4 models. PreRunner models combine the 4x2 drivetrain with the 4x4's raised riding stance and styling. Double Cab models offer a roof rack system with crossbars that deploy from the roof rails.
Toyota Tacoma Regular Cab models are built on a 109.6-inch wheelbase; 4x2 Access Cab models (including PreRunner and 4x4) ride on a 127.4-inch wheelbase. The Tacoma Double Cab with the standard five-foot bed shares the 127.4-inch wheelbase, while the Double Cab long-bed models use a 140.6-inch wheelbase.
The Toyota Tacoma Regular Cab and Access Cab models feature a 73.5-inch-long bed. The Double Cab is available with a choice of a 60.3-inch bed or the 73.5-inch bed. The Tacoma's composite inner bed is made from a sheet-molded composite (SMC) deck and tough and durable walls that are 10 percent lighter than steel. The bed deck features two-tier loading and an integrated deck-rail utility with four standard adjustable tie-down cleats. The rails are compatible with Genuine Toyota Accessories, including cargo bed cross bars, a fork-mount bike rack, and diamond-plate storage boxes. An available 115V/400W powerpoint further extends the bed's utility.
Interior Design
A redesigned instrument gauge panel lends a sporty look in all models for 2012. The center console (standard on Access Cab and Double Cab models) flows into the instrument panel for a unified appearance. The console integrates three cupholders, two of which can accommodate extra-large containers.
Toyota Tacoma's interior provides durability and comfort with high-grade fabric and generous standard equipment. Sound absorption material in the headliner and behind the rear seats, along with insulating carpeting, help to provide a quiet cabin. All Tacoma models provide dual bottle holders in driver's- and passenger's-side doors. Audio controls are mounted high for easy access.
Higher-grade models feature fabric-covered sun visors and an overhead console with map lights, as well as compartments for sunglasses and a garage door opener. Interior storage is maximized in Access Cab models with fold up rear seats and underseat storage. Double Cab models feature 60/40 split rear seats with adjustable headrests and under-seat storage.
Toyota sold more than 106,000 Tacoma models for 2010, outselling its nearest competitor by nearly two-to-one. For 2012, Toyota Tacoma shows a fresh face with a redesigned hood, grille, headlamps and front bumper, among other changes. Inside, customers will find a new center-instrument panel design with a revised gauge cluster, along with a new steering wheel. A redesigned center stack adds new air conditioner/heater controls and power point locations.
The 2012 Tacoma interior also gets a new look with a black high-contrast center console, switch plate covers, dash and upper door trim, while the SR5 grade features a new seat fabric design. With owners using their trucks for hard work and hard play, Toyota Tacoma offers new heavy-duty all-weather flooring in the 2012 Tacoma Access and Double Cab models, while the more specialized TRD Sport and Off-Road models offer new water-resistant fabric protection seats. The TRD Sport Package adds side mirrors with turn-signal lamps for 2012, as well as available chrome-clad 18-inch wheels.
Details that add up to more comfort and function include a larger, higher-resolution display for the available back-up camera (3.3-inch vs. 2.4-inch), a new temperature gauge, available rear-view mirror with compass and HomeLink, vanity lamps added to sun visors, an additional overhead storage compartment and, on Access Cab models, a new rear-console storage box. All models now feature two front-deck "D" rings for added versatility.
The 2012 Toyota Tacoma is available in a wide variety of configurations and models, and this focus on customer choice has been instrumental in the vehicle's continued market leadership. Many models offer a choice between four-cylinder and V6 engines, and 2WD and 4WD drivetrains.
The Toyota Tacoma has been repeatedly recognized for its outstanding value and reliability. Tacoma was named "Most Dependable Midsize Pickup" in the J.D. Power & Associates 2011 Vehicle Dependability Study, and Intellichoice called it a "2011 Best Overall Value" in the compact pickup segment.
New Audio Choices for 2012
Toyota has upgraded audio options for some 2012 Tacoma models. Access Cab models with a new available six-speaker system with an AM/FM/ Satellite Radio-capable head unit with a single-disc CD player. Built-in Bluetooth allows hands-free phone, and a USB port enables connection of an iPod, MP3 player or flash drive with music files.
The DoubleCab V6 models offer a more advanced display audio system with today's most in-demand connectivity features. These include navigation, Toyota Entune™ services, SiriusXM Satellite Radio (with 90-day trial subscription), HD Radio with iTunes® tagging and text/e-mail-to-voice. This premium infotainment system plays through a JBL® GreenEdge audio system with seven speakers. GreenEdge technology helps reduce fuel consumption by lowering the electric power demand on the vehicle.
The Toyota Entune system is a collection of popular mobile applications and data services, with three years of complimentary access. Once a smart phone is connected to the vehicle using Bluetooth wireless technology or a USB cable, Entune's features are operated using the vehicle's controls or, for some services, by voice recognition. Entune includes Bing™ and Pandora®; real-time info including traffic, weather, fuel prices, sports and stocks. Apps available in spring 2012 at no charge include iHeartRadio, MovieTickets.com and OpenTable®. See toyota.com/entune for details.
Performance
The 2012 Toyota Tacoma line offers two engines: a 2.7-liter Dual Overhead Cam (DOHC) four-cylinder that produces 159 horsepower and 180 lb-ft. of torque, and a 4.0-liter DOHC V6 that provides 236 horsepower with 266 lb-ft. of torque. In both engines, variable valve timing with intelligence (VVT-i) provides strong low-end and mid-range torque.
An Electronic Throttle Control System with intelligence helps optimize performance and fuel economy. The V6 can be teamed with either a six-speed manual or a five-speed automatic transmission. Four-cylinder models offer a choice between a five-speed manual and a four-speed automatic transmission. When equipped with a V6 Tow Package, Access Cab models boast a maximum tow capacity of up to 6,500 pounds.
X-Runner: A Unique Sport Truck
The Tacoma X-Runner performance truck, unique in the entire compact truck category, returns for 2012 and features the 4.0-liter V6 engine with a specially tuned chassis. Featuring a six-speed manual transmission, the X-Runner can accelerate from 0-to-60 mph in less than seven seconds. Just as impressive, the Toyota Tacoma X-Runner can achieve lateral acceleration in excess of 0.9-g - comparable to many performance cars. The X-Runner's Access Cab design incorporates a full body kit, a hood scoop and integrated fog lamps. The color-keyed monochromatic exterior comes in three colors - Barcelona Red, Black Sand Pearl and Nautica Blue Metallic, which is new for 2012.
To take performance even higher, TRD offers a 4.0-liter V6 supercharger kit capable of generating 304 horsepower and 334 lbs.-ft. of torque also available for other Tacoma V6 models). The design uses Eaton Roots-type rotating components in a one-piece supercharger plenum/manifold casting. The supercharger is fully warranted for up to five years or 60,000 miles or the remainder of the powertrain warranty at the time of installation when installed by a Toyota dealer.
T|X Packages for the Hardcore Pickup Fan
The T|X and T|X Pro Packages, available in conjunction with the TRD Off-Road Package, add a concept-truck look to the Toyota Tacoma V6 Access Cab or V6 Double Cab PreRunner and 4x4 models. The T|X Package gives the Tacoma a menacing look and additional sportiness with TRD 16-inch black alloy bead-lock wheels and 265/70R16 BFGoodrich Rugged Trail tires. Black tube-side steps, a stainless steel exhaust tip and unique exterior graphics give the T|X the aesthetics of a custom truck.
The T|X Pro is the performance-oriented package by also including a TRD cat-back performance exhaust system that gives the V6 a throatier sound and a bit more power. The T|X and T|X Pro Packages offer a strong value compared to offering the contents as separate accessories, especially considering that they are covered under Toyota's standard three year/36,000-mile comprehensive vehicle limited warranty and can be financed.
The TRD Off-Road Package underlying both T|X editions provides a carefully tuned balance of off-road performance and on-road handling. Chassis modifications include an electronic locking rear differential, progressive-rate front springs, specially tuned Bilstein shock absorbers, a 28-mm front stabilizer bar and BFGoodrich Rugged Trail tires. Fog lamps top off the package for a tough, sporty appearance. Both the TRD Off-Road Package and TRD Sport Package have a 400W/115V powerpoint in the bed; sport seats with adjustable lumbar support and unique fabric, and an overhead console with a compass and outside temperature display. Double Cab and Access Cab models also offer a back-up monitor system.
Safety
Standard on all Tacoma models is the Toyota Star Safety System™, which includes Vehicle Stability Control (VSC), Traction Control (TRAC), an Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD), Brake Assist (BA), and Smart Stop brake override technology. Every Toyota Tacoma has standard three-point seatbelts for all seating positions, front seat-mounted side airbags, roll-sensing side curtain airbags (including a cutoff switch), and a front advanced dual-stage airbag system. A front passenger cutoff switch is standard on Access Cab models.
All Access Cab and Double Cab models feature standard active headrests for the front seats, which move up and forward almost instantly in the event of certain rear-end collisions to help reduce the distance between the occupant's head and the headrest.
Capability, Handling and Ride
The TRD Off-Road Package available for 4x4 V6 automatic models includes Hill-start Assist Control (HAC) and Downhill Assist Control (DAC). HAC operates by independently controlling the brakes at each wheel as needed to help prevent the vehicle from rolling backward or slipping sideways during a transition from a stopped position to climbing a grade. An Automatic Limited-slip Differential (Auto-LSD), which uses brake intervention to help reduce tire slippage at the rear wheels, is standard on all Tacoma models.
DAC uses engine braking to regulate downhill speed and independently control the brakes at each wheel to help improve directional control. DAC automatically de-activates if the driver depresses the brake or accelerator pedals, presses the DAC button, or shifts into neutral. TRD Off-Road Packages feature a locking rear differential that can be activated by a switch in the cab. An electronic rear differential is available on 4x4 models and the PreRunner.
Comfort and Convenience
The well-equipped 4x2 Regular Cab model features standard air conditioning; a full-size spare tire; AM/FM CD four-speaker sound system; tachometer; digital clock; two instrument panel powerpoints with a lighter; dome lamp; and rear mudguards. Regular Cab 4x4 models with the automatic transmission feature standard bucket seats. Toyota Tacoma Access Cab and Double Cab models add more standard features, including power windows and door locks, bucket seats and a center console. In Double Cab models, power mirrors and driver seat adjustable lumbar support are also standard.
Options
For both Access and Double Cab models, the available option combinations are built on five core packages. The SR5 Package bundles styling and comfort features, including color-keyed overfenders and front bumper, chrome grille surround and chrome rear bumper, intermittent wipers and upgraded interior features and trim, including a leather-wrapped steering wheel and automatic transmission shift lever.
The TRD Sport Package is road-focused and features its own specific suspension tuning and lower-profile 265/65 R17 tires on 17-inch alloy wheels. This package also gives Tacoma a sporty look with fog lamps, hood scoop, TRD graphics and color-keyed rear bumper, mirrors, grille surround and door handles.
The available dealer-installed TRD Big Brake system was developed by Toyota Technical Center and TRD engineers. Engineered to provide effective braking performance under sustained heavy use, the Big Brake system dramatically improves pedal feel. The system uses 13 x 1.25-inch semi-floating vented rotors with directional internal fins, forged aluminum four-piston fixed calipers, larger pads with high coefficient-of-friction material and braided steel lines.
Exterior Design
The 2012 Toyota Tacoma has a new look from the A-pillar forward, with new front grilles on all grades. In addition to a new hood, Tacoma also receives new headlamps, new upper and lower bumper areas, including an updated fog lamp housing.
Toyota Tacoma configurations are based on three cab types: Regular Cab, Access Cab, and the four-door Double Cab. The rear doors on Access Cab models open to 80 degrees to give passengers easy ingress and egress. Bold overfenders distinguish PreRunner and 4x4 models. PreRunner models combine the 4x2 drivetrain with the 4x4's raised riding stance and styling. Double Cab models offer a roof rack system with crossbars that deploy from the roof rails.
Toyota Tacoma Regular Cab models are built on a 109.6-inch wheelbase; 4x2 Access Cab models (including PreRunner and 4x4) ride on a 127.4-inch wheelbase. The Tacoma Double Cab with the standard five-foot bed shares the 127.4-inch wheelbase, while the Double Cab long-bed models use a 140.6-inch wheelbase.
The Toyota Tacoma Regular Cab and Access Cab models feature a 73.5-inch-long bed. The Double Cab is available with a choice of a 60.3-inch bed or the 73.5-inch bed. The Tacoma's composite inner bed is made from a sheet-molded composite (SMC) deck and tough and durable walls that are 10 percent lighter than steel. The bed deck features two-tier loading and an integrated deck-rail utility with four standard adjustable tie-down cleats. The rails are compatible with Genuine Toyota Accessories, including cargo bed cross bars, a fork-mount bike rack, and diamond-plate storage boxes. An available 115V/400W powerpoint further extends the bed's utility.
Interior Design
A redesigned instrument gauge panel lends a sporty look in all models for 2012. The center console (standard on Access Cab and Double Cab models) flows into the instrument panel for a unified appearance. The console integrates three cupholders, two of which can accommodate extra-large containers.
Toyota Tacoma's interior provides durability and comfort with high-grade fabric and generous standard equipment. Sound absorption material in the headliner and behind the rear seats, along with insulating carpeting, help to provide a quiet cabin. All Tacoma models provide dual bottle holders in driver's- and passenger's-side doors. Audio controls are mounted high for easy access.
Higher-grade models feature fabric-covered sun visors and an overhead console with map lights, as well as compartments for sunglasses and a garage door opener. Interior storage is maximized in Access Cab models with fold up rear seats and underseat storage. Double Cab models feature 60/40 split rear seats with adjustable headrests and under-seat storage.
Volks Wagen E-Bugster Concept, 2012
- Volks Wagen E-Bugster Concept, 2012
The latest Beetle might be 'more power, less flower', but that doesn't mean that it's anything other than environmentally conscientious, and that's especially the case with the Volkswagen E-Bugster Concept, which is powered purely by electricity.
Revealed at the 2012 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, the two-seat VW E-Bugster Concept continues the latest Beetle's sporty theme. An electric motor provides 85 kWh of power, which can propel it from 0 to 60 mph in 10.9 seconds, and yet offer a range of at least 110 miles from the 28.3 kWh lithium-ion batteries. Even in a country as large as America, that's sufficient for the majority of commuters' needs, while if the E-Bugster needs a top-up, a fast-charging function allows complete recharging in just 35 minutes.
The quick charging is possible thanks to a new Combined Charging System that was developed in co-operation with Audi, BMW, Daimler, Porsche, Ford and General Motors/Opel. This allows charging via single-phase AC sources (for example a 120-Volt US or 230-Volt European domestic outlet) or via ultra-fast DC sources at specific charging stations. To succeed, this will require the development of a uniform industry standard for sockets and plugs and also for the charge controller, so that all charging types can be handled.
Of course, the Volkswagen E-Bugster doesn't charge only when plugged in: as soon as the driver's foot leaves the accelerator pedal kinetic energy is transformed into electricity and stored in the battery. Applying the brakes increases the intensity of regeneration, a function that is indicated to the driver in the instrument panel. Other instruments include driving range and battery state indicators, and a meter that shows how much energy the driver is requesting via the accelerator pedal.
At 4,278 mm long and 1,838 mm wide, the E-Bugster is the same length as a standard Beetle but 30 mm wider, while the new roof lowers the height by around 90 mm to 1,400 mm. This helps to give the Volkswagen E-Bugster its more dynamic and sporty look. The low, swept-back windscreen ensures maximum visibility, as does the wide rear screen, which shows that speedster-style vehicles need not be impractical.
Both front and rear bumpers have been substantially modified from those of the production Beetle. At the front, LED daytime running lights at the outer edges of the central air intake form a C-shape on the left that is mirrored on the right - a signature feature of Volkswagen's electric vehicle concepts. This is also true at the back, where reflectors take the place of LEDs. Beneath the flared wheel arches sit 20-inch alloy wheels that are adapted from the 18-inch 'Twister' alloys of the production car, with 235/35 tyres. Around the bottom edge of the side windows is a chrome strip that loops around the vehicle from A-pillar to A-pillar. From this chrome strip to the top of the VW E-Bugster's hard top the height is a low 400mm.
Inside, the two-seat interior reflects the E-Bugster's blend of high-tech and sportiness, with sports seats nestling either side of a continuous centre console, plus aluminium door handles and seatbelt guides.
Starting the Volkswagen E-Bugster Concept is pure theatre: upon pressing the Start button the interior is bathed in white light, then blue light. It starts with a light pulse in the instrument cluster, from where the light emanates in a millimetre-wide strip, coursing into the doors and around the air nozzles.
If the E-Bugster's name is familiar, it should be: it takes some inspiration from the Ragster concept that made its debut at the 2005 Detroit Show, and which itself inspired the current Beetle. The 'E' of the name signifies the vehicle's electric power, and the 'Bug' part of the name should need no explanation.
Revealed at the 2012 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, the two-seat VW E-Bugster Concept continues the latest Beetle's sporty theme. An electric motor provides 85 kWh of power, which can propel it from 0 to 60 mph in 10.9 seconds, and yet offer a range of at least 110 miles from the 28.3 kWh lithium-ion batteries. Even in a country as large as America, that's sufficient for the majority of commuters' needs, while if the E-Bugster needs a top-up, a fast-charging function allows complete recharging in just 35 minutes.
The quick charging is possible thanks to a new Combined Charging System that was developed in co-operation with Audi, BMW, Daimler, Porsche, Ford and General Motors/Opel. This allows charging via single-phase AC sources (for example a 120-Volt US or 230-Volt European domestic outlet) or via ultra-fast DC sources at specific charging stations. To succeed, this will require the development of a uniform industry standard for sockets and plugs and also for the charge controller, so that all charging types can be handled.
Of course, the Volkswagen E-Bugster doesn't charge only when plugged in: as soon as the driver's foot leaves the accelerator pedal kinetic energy is transformed into electricity and stored in the battery. Applying the brakes increases the intensity of regeneration, a function that is indicated to the driver in the instrument panel. Other instruments include driving range and battery state indicators, and a meter that shows how much energy the driver is requesting via the accelerator pedal.
At 4,278 mm long and 1,838 mm wide, the E-Bugster is the same length as a standard Beetle but 30 mm wider, while the new roof lowers the height by around 90 mm to 1,400 mm. This helps to give the Volkswagen E-Bugster its more dynamic and sporty look. The low, swept-back windscreen ensures maximum visibility, as does the wide rear screen, which shows that speedster-style vehicles need not be impractical.
Both front and rear bumpers have been substantially modified from those of the production Beetle. At the front, LED daytime running lights at the outer edges of the central air intake form a C-shape on the left that is mirrored on the right - a signature feature of Volkswagen's electric vehicle concepts. This is also true at the back, where reflectors take the place of LEDs. Beneath the flared wheel arches sit 20-inch alloy wheels that are adapted from the 18-inch 'Twister' alloys of the production car, with 235/35 tyres. Around the bottom edge of the side windows is a chrome strip that loops around the vehicle from A-pillar to A-pillar. From this chrome strip to the top of the VW E-Bugster's hard top the height is a low 400mm.
Inside, the two-seat interior reflects the E-Bugster's blend of high-tech and sportiness, with sports seats nestling either side of a continuous centre console, plus aluminium door handles and seatbelt guides.
Starting the Volkswagen E-Bugster Concept is pure theatre: upon pressing the Start button the interior is bathed in white light, then blue light. It starts with a light pulse in the instrument cluster, from where the light emanates in a millimetre-wide strip, coursing into the doors and around the air nozzles.
If the E-Bugster's name is familiar, it should be: it takes some inspiration from the Ragster concept that made its debut at the 2005 Detroit Show, and which itself inspired the current Beetle. The 'E' of the name signifies the vehicle's electric power, and the 'Bug' part of the name should need no explanation.
Thứ Hai, 29 tháng 10, 2012
Hyundai i20, 2013
- Hyundai i20, 2013
The Hyundai is enhancing its European model line-up by unveiling the All New i20 at the 2012 Geneva Motor Show. The popular supermini has been revised and refreshed both inside and out, and is intended to appeal to a new, younger group of car buyers across the continent.
Building on the success of the original Hyundai i20 five-door hatchback, the all-new model progresses the development of Hyundai's passenger vehicle range, which continues to benefit from recent advances in powertrain and design.
Among the four powertrain options available to buyers of the All New i20 will be the new 1,1-litre, 3-cylinder 'U-II' diesel engine that generates 75 ps. When mated to technologies from Hyundai's Blue Drive sub-brand, this derivative emits just 84 g/km of CO2, a figure lower than any other car powered by a conventional powertrain on sale today. The engine was developed at Hyundai's Diesel Centre of Excellence - part of the European R&D set-up in Rüsselsheim, Germany - and showcases Hyundai expertise in clean diesel technology.
The ground-breaking new engine will be offered alongside another sub-100 g/km diesel. When combined with Blue Drive technologies, the upgraded 1,4-litre 'U-II' 90 ps engine emits 96 g/km.
The All New i20 takes its design cues from Hyundai's 'fluidic sculpture' design language, including the hexagonal grille common to all new Hyundai models. A sculpted body shape with bold lines invokes the appearance of constant motion, while LED headlamps with daytime running lights give a sense of luxury and technological sophistication.
All New Hyundai i20 has slightly increased length and the cabin benefits from upgraded materials and high-tech specification that represent a significant improvement over the original.
As with all newly-launched models in Europe, the All New i20 comes with Five Year Triple Care, comprising a five-year unlimited warranty, five years of roadside assistance, and five years of vehicle health checks.
Senior Vice President and COO of Hyundai Motor Europe, Allan Rushforth, commented, "The i20 has been very popular with European buyers since it came to market in 2009, thanks to its combination of efficiency, quality, practicality and value. With an enhanced powertrain line-up that includes the lowest CO2emissions for any internal combustion engine, and sharper styling influenced by fluidic sculpture, the All New i20 will appeal to a broader range of buyers, including younger consumers. The assurance of our industry-best, comprehensive Five Year Triple Care package will make All New i20 an even more attractive ownership proposition."
STYLING & DESIGN
Re-designed at Hyundai's European headquarters in Germany, the 4-metre long All New i20 has been styled using Hyundai's signature design language, 'fluidic sculpture'.
The front-end has been updated to feature a design element common to all new Hyundai models - the hexagonal-shaped grille. New headlights have been added to give the All New i20 a contemporary look. The hood, fender, front bumper - which incorporates fog lights - and wheel design have been updated, to bring this new model visually into line with the rest of the i-range.
At the rear, Hyundai's designers have modernised the car with a make-over that includes an updated bumper design, integrating a rear parking assist system. The rear lamps have also been restyled to ensure that design harmony is optimised all around the car.
For the European market, All New i20 will be manufactured in Turkey and India, and made available with a range of 10 exterior colours - two solid and eight metallic or pearl. Customer choices include Coral White, Twilight Blue, Electric Red, Black Diamond and Ember Grey.
The redesigned bumpers at the fore and rear of All New Hyundai i20 have added 55mm to the length (30mm at the front and 25mm at the rear), taking the overall length to 3.995mm. The overall width, height and wheelbase remain the same as the outgoing model, maintaining its dynamic proportions.
COMFORT & CONVENIENCE
Inside, All New i20 has been redesigned to provide drivers and passengers with an enhanced level of interior comfort and roominess.
Redesigned seat trim is available in either cloth or leather and cloth combination, with a grey cloth option offered for the first time. Furthermore, the centre fascia has been thoroughly reworked to incorporate more sophisticated switchgear. Stylish black, high-gloss inserts on the dashboard now benefit from a soft-touch finish, applied through the use of Nano P.U. cell paint.
All New i20's interior benefits not only from material upgrades, it also provides outstanding levels of roominess front and rear for a B-segment car - just like the original vehicle. Headroom in the front is a generous 1.005mm and 970mm in the rear. There is also 1.350mm of shoulder room in the front and 1.340 in the rear, while legroom is generous, providing 1.074 mm in the front and 845mm in the rear. The cargo bay has a capacity of 295 litres (seats upright).
Other new features available on All New Hyundai i20 include a smart key and engine start / stop button, one-touch triple-blink turn indicators, automatic lights, rain-sensing wipers and a rear-view camera display, displayed on the rear-view mirror.
The ENGINES
All of the powertrains available for All New i20 have been developed with European consumer expectations in mind. They deliver class-leading fuel efficiency and emissions, yet do not compromise on power or drivability.
In the pursuit of improved efficiency and reduced CO2emissions, Hyundai has rationalised the engine range offered with All New i20 to four highly developed, upgraded units - two diesel and two gasoline with power outputs ranging from 75 to 100 ps.
Both of the 1,6-litre engines (diesel and gasoline) offered in the previous generation model have been dropped to make way for smaller, greener powerplants.
With market leading environmental credentials in mind, Hyundai has developed a super-efficient three cylinder 1,1-litre diesel that produces 75 ps and 180 Nm (18,4 kg/m) of torque. When combined with Hyundai's Integrated Stop and Go system, this powerplant is the lowest-emitting unit currently available on the market, with CO2emissions of just 84 g/km (standard model produces 99 g/km).
The rest of the engine range is similarly environmentally friendly. For example, the upgraded 1,4-litre, 90 ps diesel emits just 96 g/km and the 1,25-litre, 85 ps gasoline unit produces 109 g/km (Standard model produces 114 g/km).
The most powerful engine in the range is the 100 ps 1,4-litre gasoline engine which gives the All New Hyundai i20 lively performance (0-to-100 kph in 11,6 seconds), yet maintains high fuel economy.
TRANSMISSIONS
In order to extract the best balance of performance, emissions and fuel economy from each engine, Hyundai is offering buyers transmissions that best-suit their chosen powertrain. Depending on the engine selected, the All New i20 will come with a five- or six-speed manual transmission, or the option of a four-speed automatic.
The manual transmissions available on the All New Hyundai i20 have been refined to provide a more precise gear shift for maximum ease and feel. Gear ratios have been optimised to ensure that the engines they are mated to operate at their most efficient speed for the longest period of time.
The 1,2-litre gasoline engine is fitted with a 5-speed manual transmission to provide optimum performance and emissions, which are as low as 109 g/km of CO2when mated to Hyundai's Blue Drive technologies (including Integrated Stop Go (ISG), low-rolling resistance tyres and alternator management system). The 1,4-litre gasoline can be specified with either a six-speed manual or a four-speed automatic transmission.
Both diesel engines are equipped with a six-speed manual transmission to reduce fuel consumption and lower CO2emissions while maximising the available performance.
With the aid of Blue Drive technologies, the 1,1-litre diesel produces just 84 g/km of CO2emissions. This means that All New i20 is not just the B-segment supermini with the lowest emissions; it represents the lowest polluting car currently available in Europe with a conventional powertrain.
RUNNING GEAR
In keeping with its dynamic re-styling, the All New i20 rides on a revised platform that delivers an agile driving experience combined with remarkable refinement.
Much of the car's ride and handling development work was undertaken on European roads, developing the benchmark set by the original model. As a result, Hyundai's ride and handling engineers have been able to fine tune the All New i20's front MacPherson strut and rear torsion beam suspension to deliver the taut and alert driving dynamics demanded by the European market. Thanks to these chassis developments, the All New Hyundai i20 yields a fun-to-drive, dynamic ride as well as real world predictability.
The electrically assisted rack and pinion steering has a new setup and has also been retuned to deliver quick and accurate responses resulting in excellent urban agility.
REFINEMENT
Through computer simulation and practical testing, NVH (noise vibration harshness) level of All New i20 has been drastically reduced over its predecessor. Road transmitted vibration, wind resonance, intake, exhaust and engine noise have all been reduced.
All New i20 has been developed to deliver comfort to all occupants, and by applying structural reinforcements in the dashboard panel, steering column mounting and cowl cross member, reduction in road vibrations has been achieved.
Further vibration enhancements are made thanks to a 3-point inertia engine and transmission support, not only strengthening the structure, but minimising parts and reducing weight.
The extensive use of advanced noise reduction materials throughout the development process - particularly in the diesel-powered models - has resulted in exceptionally high levels of refinement, giving the all New Hyundai i20 a cosseting cabin ambience.
Simplifying the exhaust system by removing the centre muffler has reduced weight and offers a dramatic decrease in exhaust booming noise.
SAFETY
Designed to be among the safest cars in its class, All New i20 debuts with exceptionally high levels of active and passive safety equipment.
All New Hyundai i20 comes standard with Electronic Stability Programme (ESP) including Vehicle Stability Management (VSM) across the range.
Its outright agility and responsiveness, as well as non-intrusive electronic aids will play a key role in helping to keep occupants safe. However, in the event of a collision, protection is offered by the extensive use of high-tensile steel in the robust bodyshell structure, while front, side and curtain airbags optimise occupant protection.
The safety package is further enhanced by ISOFIX mounting points in the rear and seatbelt reminders for all five occupants. As a result of these measures, the All New i20 continues to offer unrivalled levels of active and passive safety in the class and, more important, maintaining the 5-star Euro NCAP rating achieved by the outgoing model.
Building on the success of the original Hyundai i20 five-door hatchback, the all-new model progresses the development of Hyundai's passenger vehicle range, which continues to benefit from recent advances in powertrain and design.
Among the four powertrain options available to buyers of the All New i20 will be the new 1,1-litre, 3-cylinder 'U-II' diesel engine that generates 75 ps. When mated to technologies from Hyundai's Blue Drive sub-brand, this derivative emits just 84 g/km of CO2, a figure lower than any other car powered by a conventional powertrain on sale today. The engine was developed at Hyundai's Diesel Centre of Excellence - part of the European R&D set-up in Rüsselsheim, Germany - and showcases Hyundai expertise in clean diesel technology.
The ground-breaking new engine will be offered alongside another sub-100 g/km diesel. When combined with Blue Drive technologies, the upgraded 1,4-litre 'U-II' 90 ps engine emits 96 g/km.
The All New i20 takes its design cues from Hyundai's 'fluidic sculpture' design language, including the hexagonal grille common to all new Hyundai models. A sculpted body shape with bold lines invokes the appearance of constant motion, while LED headlamps with daytime running lights give a sense of luxury and technological sophistication.
All New Hyundai i20 has slightly increased length and the cabin benefits from upgraded materials and high-tech specification that represent a significant improvement over the original.
As with all newly-launched models in Europe, the All New i20 comes with Five Year Triple Care, comprising a five-year unlimited warranty, five years of roadside assistance, and five years of vehicle health checks.
Senior Vice President and COO of Hyundai Motor Europe, Allan Rushforth, commented, "The i20 has been very popular with European buyers since it came to market in 2009, thanks to its combination of efficiency, quality, practicality and value. With an enhanced powertrain line-up that includes the lowest CO2emissions for any internal combustion engine, and sharper styling influenced by fluidic sculpture, the All New i20 will appeal to a broader range of buyers, including younger consumers. The assurance of our industry-best, comprehensive Five Year Triple Care package will make All New i20 an even more attractive ownership proposition."
STYLING & DESIGN
Re-designed at Hyundai's European headquarters in Germany, the 4-metre long All New i20 has been styled using Hyundai's signature design language, 'fluidic sculpture'.
The front-end has been updated to feature a design element common to all new Hyundai models - the hexagonal-shaped grille. New headlights have been added to give the All New i20 a contemporary look. The hood, fender, front bumper - which incorporates fog lights - and wheel design have been updated, to bring this new model visually into line with the rest of the i-range.
At the rear, Hyundai's designers have modernised the car with a make-over that includes an updated bumper design, integrating a rear parking assist system. The rear lamps have also been restyled to ensure that design harmony is optimised all around the car.
For the European market, All New i20 will be manufactured in Turkey and India, and made available with a range of 10 exterior colours - two solid and eight metallic or pearl. Customer choices include Coral White, Twilight Blue, Electric Red, Black Diamond and Ember Grey.
The redesigned bumpers at the fore and rear of All New Hyundai i20 have added 55mm to the length (30mm at the front and 25mm at the rear), taking the overall length to 3.995mm. The overall width, height and wheelbase remain the same as the outgoing model, maintaining its dynamic proportions.
COMFORT & CONVENIENCE
Inside, All New i20 has been redesigned to provide drivers and passengers with an enhanced level of interior comfort and roominess.
Redesigned seat trim is available in either cloth or leather and cloth combination, with a grey cloth option offered for the first time. Furthermore, the centre fascia has been thoroughly reworked to incorporate more sophisticated switchgear. Stylish black, high-gloss inserts on the dashboard now benefit from a soft-touch finish, applied through the use of Nano P.U. cell paint.
All New i20's interior benefits not only from material upgrades, it also provides outstanding levels of roominess front and rear for a B-segment car - just like the original vehicle. Headroom in the front is a generous 1.005mm and 970mm in the rear. There is also 1.350mm of shoulder room in the front and 1.340 in the rear, while legroom is generous, providing 1.074 mm in the front and 845mm in the rear. The cargo bay has a capacity of 295 litres (seats upright).
Other new features available on All New Hyundai i20 include a smart key and engine start / stop button, one-touch triple-blink turn indicators, automatic lights, rain-sensing wipers and a rear-view camera display, displayed on the rear-view mirror.
The ENGINES
All of the powertrains available for All New i20 have been developed with European consumer expectations in mind. They deliver class-leading fuel efficiency and emissions, yet do not compromise on power or drivability.
In the pursuit of improved efficiency and reduced CO2emissions, Hyundai has rationalised the engine range offered with All New i20 to four highly developed, upgraded units - two diesel and two gasoline with power outputs ranging from 75 to 100 ps.
Both of the 1,6-litre engines (diesel and gasoline) offered in the previous generation model have been dropped to make way for smaller, greener powerplants.
With market leading environmental credentials in mind, Hyundai has developed a super-efficient three cylinder 1,1-litre diesel that produces 75 ps and 180 Nm (18,4 kg/m) of torque. When combined with Hyundai's Integrated Stop and Go system, this powerplant is the lowest-emitting unit currently available on the market, with CO2emissions of just 84 g/km (standard model produces 99 g/km).
The rest of the engine range is similarly environmentally friendly. For example, the upgraded 1,4-litre, 90 ps diesel emits just 96 g/km and the 1,25-litre, 85 ps gasoline unit produces 109 g/km (Standard model produces 114 g/km).
The most powerful engine in the range is the 100 ps 1,4-litre gasoline engine which gives the All New Hyundai i20 lively performance (0-to-100 kph in 11,6 seconds), yet maintains high fuel economy.
TRANSMISSIONS
In order to extract the best balance of performance, emissions and fuel economy from each engine, Hyundai is offering buyers transmissions that best-suit their chosen powertrain. Depending on the engine selected, the All New i20 will come with a five- or six-speed manual transmission, or the option of a four-speed automatic.
The manual transmissions available on the All New Hyundai i20 have been refined to provide a more precise gear shift for maximum ease and feel. Gear ratios have been optimised to ensure that the engines they are mated to operate at their most efficient speed for the longest period of time.
The 1,2-litre gasoline engine is fitted with a 5-speed manual transmission to provide optimum performance and emissions, which are as low as 109 g/km of CO2when mated to Hyundai's Blue Drive technologies (including Integrated Stop Go (ISG), low-rolling resistance tyres and alternator management system). The 1,4-litre gasoline can be specified with either a six-speed manual or a four-speed automatic transmission.
Both diesel engines are equipped with a six-speed manual transmission to reduce fuel consumption and lower CO2emissions while maximising the available performance.
With the aid of Blue Drive technologies, the 1,1-litre diesel produces just 84 g/km of CO2emissions. This means that All New i20 is not just the B-segment supermini with the lowest emissions; it represents the lowest polluting car currently available in Europe with a conventional powertrain.
RUNNING GEAR
In keeping with its dynamic re-styling, the All New i20 rides on a revised platform that delivers an agile driving experience combined with remarkable refinement.
Much of the car's ride and handling development work was undertaken on European roads, developing the benchmark set by the original model. As a result, Hyundai's ride and handling engineers have been able to fine tune the All New i20's front MacPherson strut and rear torsion beam suspension to deliver the taut and alert driving dynamics demanded by the European market. Thanks to these chassis developments, the All New Hyundai i20 yields a fun-to-drive, dynamic ride as well as real world predictability.
The electrically assisted rack and pinion steering has a new setup and has also been retuned to deliver quick and accurate responses resulting in excellent urban agility.
REFINEMENT
Through computer simulation and practical testing, NVH (noise vibration harshness) level of All New i20 has been drastically reduced over its predecessor. Road transmitted vibration, wind resonance, intake, exhaust and engine noise have all been reduced.
All New i20 has been developed to deliver comfort to all occupants, and by applying structural reinforcements in the dashboard panel, steering column mounting and cowl cross member, reduction in road vibrations has been achieved.
Further vibration enhancements are made thanks to a 3-point inertia engine and transmission support, not only strengthening the structure, but minimising parts and reducing weight.
The extensive use of advanced noise reduction materials throughout the development process - particularly in the diesel-powered models - has resulted in exceptionally high levels of refinement, giving the all New Hyundai i20 a cosseting cabin ambience.
Simplifying the exhaust system by removing the centre muffler has reduced weight and offers a dramatic decrease in exhaust booming noise.
SAFETY
Designed to be among the safest cars in its class, All New i20 debuts with exceptionally high levels of active and passive safety equipment.
All New Hyundai i20 comes standard with Electronic Stability Programme (ESP) including Vehicle Stability Management (VSM) across the range.
Its outright agility and responsiveness, as well as non-intrusive electronic aids will play a key role in helping to keep occupants safe. However, in the event of a collision, protection is offered by the extensive use of high-tensile steel in the robust bodyshell structure, while front, side and curtain airbags optimise occupant protection.
The safety package is further enhanced by ISOFIX mounting points in the rear and seatbelt reminders for all five occupants. As a result of these measures, the All New i20 continues to offer unrivalled levels of active and passive safety in the class and, more important, maintaining the 5-star Euro NCAP rating achieved by the outgoing model.
Đăng ký:
Bài đăng (Atom)
Bài đăng phổ biến
-
Buick Envision Concept, 2011 The Buick Envision Concept vehicle, which represents a convergence of future ideas and technology for Bui... -
BritainTourist .Com PhumyGroup.com SonhaiGroup.com LiaoningGroup .Com S haanxiGroup .com EchinaTourist.com T echnologyJewelry ....
-
Opel Astra GTC, 2012 The new Opel Astra GTC´s sculpted shapes with precise accents and dramatic proportions make it the ul... -
Ford Ranger Wildtrak, 2012 The all-new Ford Ranger Wild trak makes its global debut at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show, a sporty compac... -
Honda CR-V US-Version, 2010 The exterior styling enhancements include a freshened front fascia with a new grille and bumper design, a re-s... -
Walmartscholarship.Xyz Wapnews.Xyz Waponline.Xyz Wapworld.Xyz Washingtonattorney.Xyz Washingtonhome.Xyz Washingtoninsurance.Xyz Washingtonl...
-
Vacationnews.Xyz Vacationsnews.Xyz Vacationsworld.Xyz Vantagecreditunion.Xyz Venturenews.Xyz Ventureworld.Xyz Vermontattorney.Xyz Vermontho...
-
Ugandatravel.Xyz Ukattorney.Xyz Ukhotel.Xyz Uklawyers.Xyz Uklawyer.Xyz Ukonline.Xyz Ukrainehome.Xyz Ukrainehotel.Xyz Ukraineinsurance.Xyz U...
-
<Click the picture to enlarge> The new Nissan 370Z sports a shorter wheelbase, greater use of lightweight body materials, ... -
Scorecard Overall: 8.8 Performance : 8.0 Exterior : 8.1 Interior : 9.2 Safety : 9.4 Reliability : How we calculate scores Research ana...
